Oleh karena itu, pilihan jawaban yang tepat adalah D.
4. Read the text below to answer the question!
A team led by UC Riverside geologists has discovered the first ancestor on the family tree that contains most familiar animals today, including humans. The tiny, wormlike creature, named Ikaria wariootia, is the earliest bilaterian, or organism with a front and back, two symmetrical sides, and openings at either end connected by a gut. The paper is published today in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
For 15 years, scientists agreed that fossilized burrows found in 555 million-year-old Ediacaran Period deposits in Nilpena, South Australia, were made by bilaterians. However, there was no sign of the creature that made the burrows, leaving scientists with nothing but speculation. Then, Scott Evans, a recent doctoral graduate from UC Riverside; and Mary Droser, a professor of geology, noticed miniscule, oval impressions near some of these burrows. With funding from a NASA exobiology grant, they used a three-dimensional laser scanner that revealed the regular, consistent shape of a cylindrical body with a distinct head and tail and faintly grooved musculature. The animal ranged between 2-7 millimeters long and about 1-2.5 millimeters wide, with the largest the size and shape of a grain of rice — just the right size to have made the burrows.
“We thought these animals should have existed during this interval, but always understood they would be difficult to recognize,” Evans said. “Once we had the 3D scans, we knew that we had made an important discovery.”
University of California – Riverside. (2020). Ancestor of all animals identified in Australian fossils: A wormlike creature that lived more than 555 million years ago is the earliest bilaterian. Taken on March 25, 2020, from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200323152108.htm.
The purpose of the passage is ….
- to announce how great a team of geologists is
- to deliver the information about several ancestors
- to advertise an ancient animal found in Australia
- to inform the readers about the important discovery
- to reveal the sophisticated new science technology
Jawaban: D
Pembahasan:
Soal menanyakan tujuan penulisan teks bacaan tersebut.
Teks tersebut memberikan informasi mengenai penemuan Ikaria wariootia, nenek moyang dari sebagian besar binatang yang ada saat ini yang dianggap sebagai sebuah penemuan yang penting. Dengan demikian, tujuan teks tersebut adalah memberikan informasi kepada pembaca mengenai penemuan penting sehingga pilihan D tepat.
Pilihan A (untuk mengumumkan betapa hebatnya sebuah tim dari ahli geologi) tidak tepat. Fokus dari teks tersebut adalah penemuan sebuah tim geologi, yaitu seekor bilateria, bukan para penemunya.
Pilihan B (untuk menyampaikan informasi mengenai beberapa nenek moyang) tidak tepat. Teks tersebut tidak menyajikan informasi tentang beberapa nenek moyang, tetapi hanya nenek moyang dari sebagian besar binatang yang ada saat ini.
Pilihan C (untuk mengiklankan seekor binatang purba yang ditemukan di Australia) tidak tepat. Tidak ada informasi pada teks yang mengatakan bahwa penemuan di Australia tersebut akan diiklankan.
Pilihan E (untuk mengungkapkan sebuah teknologi ilmu pengetahuan baru yang canggih) tidak tepat. Teks tersebut berfokus pada penemuan bilateria pertama, ikaria wariootia, oleh sebuah tim geologis, bukan tentang teknologi ilmu pengetahuan baru.
Jadi, pilihan jawaban yang tepat adalah D.
5. The text is for the following question.
Television was once the newest technology in our homes, and then came videos and computers. Today’s children are growing up in a rapidly changing digital age that is far different from their parents. A variety of technologies are all around us in our homes, offices, and schools. When used wisely, technology and media can support learning children’s relationships both with adults and their peers.
Based on some evidence by research, there has never been a more important time to apply principles of development and learning when considering the use of cutting-edge technologies and new media as the so-called interactive media. Interactive media refers to digital and analog materials, including software programs, applications (apps), some children’s television programming, e-books, the Internet, and other forms of content designed to facilitate active and creative use by young children and to encourage social engagement with other children and adults.
When the integration of technology and interactive media in early childhood programs is built upon solid developmental foundations, and early childhood professionals are aware of both the challenges and the opportunities, educators are positioned to improve program quality by intentionally leveraging the potential of technology and media for the benefit of every child.
This statement provides guidance for early childhood educators about the use of technology and interactive media in ways that can optimize opportunities for young children’s development. In this statement, the definition of technology tools encompasses a broad range of digital devices such as computers, tablets, multi-touch screens, interactive whiteboards, mobile devices, cameras, audio recorders, electronic toys, games, e-book readers, and older analog devices still being used such as tape recorders, record and cassette players, projectors, and microscopes.
By appropriately and intentionally using the technology of his day—broadcast television—to connect with each individual child and with parents and families, it demonstrated the positive potential of using technology and media in ways that are grounded in principles of child development.
NAEYC and Fred Rogers Center. (2012). Technology and Interactive Media as Tools in Early Childhood Programs Serving Children from Birth through Age 8 [PDF]. Accessed and adapted on 11 July, 2022 from https://www.naeyc.org/sites/default/files/globally-shared/downloads/PDFs/resources/position-statements/ps_technology.pdf.
How does the second sentence relate to the first sentence in paragraph 2?
- It shows the importance of interactive media to children’s lives.
- It argues that interactive media include digital materials only.
- It explains the definition and examples of interactive media.
- It states that the children and adults nowadays are familiar with digital technology.
- It shows that interactive media can support social engagement among adults.
Jawaban: C
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan hubungan kalimat pertama dan kedua pada paragraf kedua.
Kalimat pertama menjelaskan pentingnya menerapkan aturan-aturan pembelajaran ketika mulai menggunakan teknologi baru dalam pembelajaran, yaitu media interaktif. Kalimat kedua menjelaskan bahwa media interaktif mengacu pada materi digital dan analog, termasuk program perangkat lunak, aplikasi, beberapa program televisi anak-anak, e-book, internet, dan bentuk konten lain yang dirancang untuk memfasilitasi penggunaan aktif dan kreatif oleh anak-anak muda dan untuk mendorong keterlibatan sosial dengan anak-anak lain dan orang dewasa.
Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kalimat kedua menjelaskan definisi dan contoh media interaktif yang disebutkan di kalimat pertama.
Jadi, pilihan jawaban yang tepat adalah C.
